A new study led by researchers at the Earth-Life Science Institute (ELSI) at Institute of Science Tokyo challenges a long-standing assumption about Earth's most extreme ice ages. Using numerical ...

The towering peaks of the Southern Andes are not just shaping the skyline of South America—they are also quietly influencing Earth's atmosphere. Chemical weathering, the process at the heart of this ...

For many hundreds of millions of years, the average temperature at the surface of the Earth has varied by not much more than 20 degrees Celsius, facilitating life on our planet. To maintain such ...

Sandbars swirl beneath Oregon Inlet in Cape Hatteras National Seashore on North Carolina's Outer Banks. Waves driven by ocean winds can cause the sandbars here to shift and change literally by the ...

Geochemical weathering in mineral deposits encompasses the breakdown of primary rock‐forming minerals, the mobilisation and fixation of liberated elements, and the development of secondary mineral ...

Water (H 2 O) sublimates from the sea ice surface, is transported via atmospheric circulation, and is then deposited as snow or re-sublimated at high altitudes. This water transport is ultimately ...